您以一杯咖啡开始新的一天。 在这个仪式中你并不孤单。 美国咖啡消费量正在攀升，达到2012年以来的最高水平，而全球出口量也随之激增。 国际咖啡组织报告称，与两年前同期相比，2020 年 10 月至 2021 年 7 月期间世界出口量增长了 2.2%。
这是数百万人的日常习惯。 但是您是否曾停下来想知道为什么这么多咖啡爱好者会从舌头上吐出意大利语单词？ 从拿铁咖啡到玛奇朵咖啡，这些术语给人的感觉明显是欧洲的。 这是怎么发生的？ 咖啡实际上并不起源于意大利。
传说这种豆子起源于埃塞俄比亚高原，是由一位名叫卡尔迪的牧羊人发现的。 早在 17 世纪欧洲人遇到它之前，它就已经传播到了阿拉伯半岛。 荷兰人帮助它在全球传播，但现代菜单的存在要归功于意大利。 具体来说，它与浓缩咖啡机的发明密切相关。
浓缩咖啡革命
If you think espresso is coffee beans, think again. This is how to prepare. It was developed in Italy in the 19th century as a reaction to slow brewing. Traditional methods can take up to 5 minutes. Coffee lovers want speed.
Early machines were large and difficult. However, by the beginning of the 20th century, Milanese manufacturer Luigi Bezzera developed a 单份浓缩咖啡机 that could make cups in seconds. Technology evolves over time, but its impact is immediate.
“Espresso machines revolutionized coffee,” says former World Barista Champion Paul Bassett. Now you can make coffee on a whim. It must be drunk immediately, usually while standing at the bar. Everything is focused on making and drinking espresso.
Coffee culture has deep roots in Italy. Espresso became popular in Italy and France in the 1930s. According to Mark Pendergrast, author of Uncommon Grounds: The History of Coffee and How It Transformed Our World, the 垮掉的一代 movement of the 1950s and its coffeehouse culture sparked the “espresso boom” in the United States.
Authenticity is associated with Italy. “In the early days of specialty coffee, authentic meant Italian,” explains Mike Ferguson of Olam Specialty Coffee. This trend continued in the 1980s. Many cafes have adopted Italian names and the menu has many Italian words.
为饮料命名
这些饮料保留了意大利名字，因为它们是用浓缩咖啡制成的。 命名法描述了添加到该基础上的内容。 拿玛奇朵 。 谷歌翻译将其翻译为“染色”或“有斑点”。 这种饮料只是浓缩咖啡加一点牛奶。
“我认为从根本上说，浓缩咖啡作为一种饮料与意大利有着直接的联系，也是意大利文化的一部分，”巴塞特说。 “它已被运送到世界各地并被重新诠释。”
尽管经过重新解释，这些饮料都有一个共同的结构：浓缩咖啡基料和牛奶。 拿铁咖啡 ，在美国通常简称为拿铁，由浓缩咖啡、牛奶和泡沫组成。 拿铁咖啡 字面意思是“牛奶咖啡”。 它不是添加牛奶的冲泡咖啡。 点“浓缩咖啡加牛奶和奶泡”缺乏同样的魅力。
区别很重要。 考虑一下美式 。 它因驻扎在意大利的美国人怀念在家里喝的现煮咖啡而得名。 它是通过在浓缩咖啡中加水制成的。 由于它源于意大利的特定文化需求，因此保留了其意大利名称。
Starbucks and the Italian influence
Starbucks continued to favor this naming convention. The company uses Italian words for dimensions such as “grande ” and “venti “.
“When Il Giornale opened in 1986, we introduced the Short, Tall and Grande sizes, followed by the Venti Hot cup size in the early 1990s,” a Starbucks representative said. Il Giornale, the predecessor to Starbucks, was founded by chairman emeritus Howard Schultz while he was away from the company in the mid-1980s.
Schultz was fascinated by Italian cafes and romantic experiences. He wanted to bring this tradition to America. His obsession with Italians continued when he returned in 1987 and bought Starbucks. The company named its blended drink Frappuccino, which is a trademarked term but not exactly Italian.
If you want to avoid the Italian name altogether, try ordering a flat white tomorrow. An Australian espresso drink that contains milk but no foam. If you just need caffeine and not romance, this is a practical option.
However, if you refuse to use the Italian word, you can call your spaghetti “noodles”. that’s it. Caffeine is the most commonly used drug in the world. Although low to moderate doses are generally safe, some studies suggest that addiction can occur. No matter what language you order it in, the ritual remains.
