Key Finding: Adolescents who believe their parents and teachers have faith in their mathematical abilities demonstrate stronger confidence, motivation, and overall well-being. This effect is particularly pronounced in cultures like Singapore, where academic success is deeply intertwined with family honor.
Why Expectations Matter
The link between perceived parental and teacher expectations and a teen’s performance in math goes beyond simple encouragement. In societies with strong academic traditions—like many East Asian cultures—education isn’t just about individual achievement; it reflects on the entire family. This creates a unique dynamic where students feel pressure not only to succeed but also to uphold a family reputation.
This pressure isn’t necessarily negative. When channeled correctly, it can fuel motivation and resilience. The core idea is that believing in a student’s potential—and communicating that belief effectively—can significantly impact their academic journey.
The Role of Parents and Teachers
Research from a recent study in Singapore confirms this: adolescents who feel supported by both parents and teachers are more likely to thrive.
- Parental Expectations: The strongest predictor of math confidence. Explicit confidence in a student’s ability, combined with practical support (study schedules, resources), reinforces their belief in themselves.
- Teacher Expectations: Complementary to parental influence. Teachers who convey high expectations through structured lessons, constructive feedback, and readily available support foster a similar sense of belief in students.
The combined effect is powerful: when teens perceive high expectations from both home and school, they exhibit stronger math confidence, greater engagement, and improved psychological well-being.
Math Confidence as a Foundation
The study also highlights the central role of math confidence itself. Teens who believe in their mathematical abilities are not only more motivated but also display higher levels of perseverance, optimism, and happiness.
This isn’t just about grades. It’s about building a positive academic identity that extends beyond the classroom. When students see themselves as capable in math, it contributes to a broader sense of self-worth and psychological health.
Early Impressions Count
The impact of teacher expectations is particularly strong early in the school year. First impressions matter. When students believe their teachers already have faith in them from the start, they’re more likely to sustain motivation and perform better throughout the year. This underscores the importance of proactive encouragement and a supportive learning environment.
Practical Implications: What Parents and Teachers Can Do
The research suggests that fostering math confidence isn’t about lowering standards; it’s about how those standards are communicated.
- Set High, Realistic Expectations: Express confidence in a student’s potential while offering warmth and support. Avoid conditional approval.
- Focus on Growth, Not Comparison: Emphasize effort, learning, and improvement over ranking against peers. A growth mindset builds resilience.
- Encourage Autonomy: Allow students ownership over their learning. Self-determined motivation is far more effective than working to please others.
- Communicate Regularly: Parents and teachers should collaborate to ensure consistent messaging and support.
- Acknowledge Cultural Pressures: Be mindful of societal expectations and promote balance, resilience, and well-being alongside academic success.
Ultimately, building math confidence in teens requires a holistic approach: one that acknowledges the cultural context, fosters a growth mindset, and reinforces the power of belief—both from home and school.
